The Effect of Work Communication and Work Effectiveness on Leadership (A Study Literature)

: The literature review article The Effect of Work Communication and Work Effectiveness on Leadership (A Study Literature) is a scientific article that aims to build a research hypothesis on the influence between variables that it will use for further research, as well as within the scope of Human Resource Management. In this literature review article, the researcher uses the library research method by reviewing previous papers relevant to this research variable on online media such as Google Scholar and Mendeley and other online media. The results of this study are 1) Work Communications is affected on Leadership; and 2) Work Effectiveness is affected on Leadership. Apart from the two exogenous variables that affect the endogenous variables. There are many other factors affecting Leadership, including: Education, Motivation and Ability.


INTRODUCTION
Leadership as a management concept in organizations has a strategic position and is a necessary social characteristic in organizational life. Having a strategic position because leadership is the center point and the driving force for the entire process of organizational activities. So that leadership has a major role in determining the movement of activities from existing sources. Besides its strategic position, leadership is very necessary, where there is a cooperative interaction between two or more people in achieving organizational goals. Leadership can also be said as the ability to influence an organization and direct it to a common goal. Leadership is able to carry an important role in the organization, so that organizational goals can be achieved properly and directed.
Employee performance has a relationship with the leadership style applied by the leader. The influence of a leader is very decisive, because to achieve goals, the organization must apply a consistent leadership style or work pattern to the work situation at hand. An appropriate leadership style and able to create comfortable and good working conditions can encourage employees to work better. Thus, employees will work comfortably and optimally because they have good leaders, so that employee performance will be better.
(media/channel); 4) The element to Whom (to whom); and 5) With What Effect Elements (the consequences that occur).
Communication Function In an organization good communication is needed, so that the achievement of organizational goals is realized. There are several communication functions, namely: 1) Communication functions as a controller of organizational behavior; 2) Communication serves to generate employee motivation; 3) Communication acts as an emotional expression; and 4) Communication plays a role as a consideration in decision making where. To create an effective company, communication is an important means for the coordination and integration of various organizational functions such as company policy statements, instructions, official memos, reports between administration and marketing departments and information on work guidelines and company announcements. This is because the improved communication skills of employees will have an impact on messages that can be conveyed clearly in order to avoid misunderstandings that may occur. Conversely, if the employee's communication skills are very low and run ineffectively, it will cause unnecessary pressure among company members.
With the increase in employee communication skills both horizontally and vertically, the creation of a pleasant work environment and good and pleasant treatment from the leadership felt by employees, will automatically motivate employees to work harder. Kindness like this will support the company's image in society and reduce the entry and exit of employees in the company. (Ella, 2019) Work communication has been widely studied by previous researchers including: (Sivaram et al., 2020), (Agussalim et al., 2016), (Sivaram et al., 2019), (Somad et al., 2021), (Ridwan et al., 2020a), (Ridwan et al., 2020b), (Widodo et al., 2020), (Bimaruci et al., 2020). Quality of work is now seen as an important dimension of quality of life. High quality work is very important for organizations to attract and retain employees The quality of work is seen from the member's perspective on the quality of the work produced as well as perfection in carrying out tasks to the ability of members.
Located in the quality of work is a very important topic in human resource management in organizational development

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Astrianditya (2016) a quality company, namely a company that has a very good quality of work life, can prosper employees so as to produce qualified and highly competent employees.
Elaborating on the quality of work will create an impression on the leadership of the organization which will have a positive impact which can make the leader's performance increase and increase the enthusiasm for organizational leaders to lead in the future.
The difference is that employee performance is the most important part for the progress of the company in addition to innovative strategies and products.

METHODS
The method of writing scientific articles is by using qualitative methods and literature review (Library Research). Assessing theory and the relationship or influence between variables from books and journals both offline in the library and online sourced from Mendeley, Scholar Google and other online media.
In qualitative research, literature review must be used consistently with methodological assumptions. This means that it must be used inductively so that it does not direct the questions posed by the researcher. One of the main reasons for conducting qualitative research is that the research is exploratory (Ali, H., & Limakrisna, 2013). more overlapping the communicator's field of experience with the communicant's field of experience, the more effective the message communicated will be.

The Effect of Work Effectiveness on Leadership
Effectiveness comes from the word effective, namely a job can be called effective if a job can produce one unit of output (output). Work can be said to be effective if a job can be completed on time according to a predetermined plan. Work effectiveness is a condition where the working atmosphere is felt comfortable, peaceful and free to do work without fear to create a conducive atmosphere if the creation of relationships between humans develops very well. a comfortable and calm working atmosphere to allow the performance of the leader to increase (Richard, 1980).
The following are several factors that affect work effectiveness, as mentioned by Richard M. Steers (1980:9), namely: a) Organizational Characteristics These organizational characteristics consist of organizational structure and technology that can affect certain aspects of effectiveness in various ways. What is meant by structure is a relationship that is relatively precise in nature, as found in organizations, with respect to the composition of human resources, the structure includes how the organization forms its people in completing work, while what is meant by technology is the mechanism of an organization to convert raw inputs into outputs. b) Environmental Characteristics The external and internal environment has also been mentioned to have an effect on effectiveness, the success of environmental organizational relationships seems to depend very much on the level of key variables, namely the level of predictability of environmental conditions, the accuracy of perceptions of environmental conditions, and the level of organizational rationalism. These three factors affect the accuracy of the organization's response to environmental changes. c) Worker Characteristics In fact, organizational members are the most important influencing factor because it is their behavior that in the long run will facilitate or hinder the achievement of organizational goals. Workers are resources that are directly related to the management of all existing resources in the organization, therefore the behavior of workers is very influential on the achievement of the goals of an organization. Workers are the main capital in an organization that will have a big effect on effectiveness, because even though the technology used is sophisticated technology, it is also supported by a good structure, but without workers it is useless.

d) Characteristics of Management Policy and Practice
With the increasing complexity of a technological process and the development of the environment, the role of management in coordinating people and processes for the success of the organization is increasingly difficult/

CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION Conclusion
Based on theory, relevant articles and discussions, hypotheses can be formulated for further research: 1. Work Communication is affected on Leadership. 2. Work Efectiveness affected on Leadership.

Recommendation
Based on the conclusions above, the suggestion from this article is that there are still many factors that influence leadership other than work communication and work effectiveness at work because a leader is in full control of a company he leads.