Analisis Kelayakan Sosial Ekonomi Program Smart Road Safety Policing di Kota Surakarta Menggunakan Pendekatan Cost Benefit Analysis dan Cost-Effectiveness Analysis
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/jafm.v7i3.3689Keywords:
Smart Road Safety Policing, Cost-Benefit Analysis, CCost-Effectiveness Analysis, Road Safety Index, Evaluasi Investasi PublikAbstract
Kecelakaan lalu lintas masih menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan masyarakat dan pembangunan paling serius di Indonesia, termasuk di Kota Surakarta, yang tetap mencatatkan fatalitas dan kerugian material signifikan meskipun jumlah kasus kecelakaan menurun. Sebagai respons, Korlantas Polri bersama Polresta Surakarta mengimplementasikan Program Smart Road Safety Policing yang mengintegrasikan CCTV analitik berbasis Artificial Intelligence, Automatic Number Plate Recognition (ANPR), Electronic Traffic Law Enforcement (ETLE), dan command centre terintegrasi. Penelitian terdahulu telah mengevaluasi perubahan outcome keselamatan lalu lintas pascaprogram, namun analisis kelayakan sosial-ekonomi yang komprehensif masih belum tersedia, sehingga menjadi research gap yang diisi oleh penelitian ini. Penelitian ini bertujuan menilai kinerja keselamatan, kelayakan sosial-ekonomi, dan efektivitas biaya program menggunakan data sekunder deret waktu (2018-2025), Road Safety Index (RSI), Cost-Benefit Analysis (CBA), dan Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (CEA). Hasil menunjukkan penurunan fatalitas dari rata-rata 58,67 jiwa per tahun (pra-program) menjadi 47 jiwa pada 2024 (turun 19,9%), dengan RSI mencapai 4,25. Hasil CBA menghasilkan Net Present Value positif sebesar Rp50.278.060.863, Benefit-Cost Ratio sebesar 1,63, dan Economic Rate of Return sebesar 37,5%. Hasil CEA berbasis kerangka WHO-CHOICE menunjukkan biaya per DALY yang dicegah berkisar Rp3.300.000-Rp19.813.000, jauh di bawah PDB per kapita Indonesia. Kebaruan penelitian ini terletak pada pengintegrasian RSI, CBA, dan CEA dalam satu kerangka evaluasi yang menunjukkan bahwa program ini aman, layak, dan sangat cost-effective.
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