Conjugal Visit Policy in the Perspective of Indonesian Criminal Law: Between the Fulfillment of Human Rights and the Limits of Islamic Morality
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/jlph.v6i2.2679Keywords:
Conjugal Visit, Criminal Law, IslamAbstract
This study explores the legal and moral dimensions of conjugal visits within Indonesia’s criminal justice system by examining their position under national law and the potential influence of Islamic morality on correctional policy. It highlights the existing gap between constitutional guarantees of human rights—specifically the right to family life and the satisfaction of biological needs—and the absence of explicit legal provisions allowing conjugal visits for prisoners. Employing a normative legal methodology, this research utilizes legislative, conceptual, comparative, and philosophical approaches, drawing upon sources such as the 1945 Constitution, Correctional Law, Criminal Code, international human rights instruments, and Islamic jurisprudence. The findings indicate that conjugal visits may be recognized as a conditional right aligned with humanitarian principles and rehabilitation objectives, provided that implementation follows strict ethical and procedural safeguards consistent with Islamic teachings that confine sexual relations to lawful marriage. Thus, the regulation of conjugal visits remains possible if framed as a limited privilege integrating human rights with Islamic moral principles. The study’s novelty lies in proposing a reconciliatory policy model that merges socio-psychological, juridical, and human rights perspectives, offering a framework for humane, religiously compliant, and socially appropriate correctional reform in Indonesia.
References
Books
Amiruddin dan Zainal Asikin. Pengantar metode penelitian hukum. Edisi Revisi. Cetakan ke-11, Rajawali Pers, 2020.
Desy Maryan, Nur Rochaet. Reformulasi Penyediaan Ruang Asmara Bagi Narapidana di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan. 1 ed. PT RajaGrafindo Persada DEPOK, 2020. https://doc-pak.undip.ac.id/id/eprint/14390/1/1b_Reformulasi%20Penyediaan%20Ruang%20Asmara.pdf.
Muslich, Ahmad Wardi. Hukum pidana Islam. Cet. 1. Sinar Grafika, 2005.
Panjaitan, Petrus Irwan dan Chairijah. Pidana penjara dalam perspektif penegak hukum, masyarakat, dan narapidana. IHC, 2009.
Summa, Muhammad Amin. Hukum keluarga Islam di dunia Islam. PT RajaGrafindo Persada, 2005.
Taufik, Ahmad. Bisnis seks di balik jeruji. Cet. 1. Ufuk Press, 2011.
Journals
Agoff, C., Sandberg, S., & Fondevila, G. (2020). Women Providing and Men Free Riding: Work, Visits and Gender Roles in Mexican Prisons. Victims & Offenders, 15(7–8), 1086–1104. https://doi.org/10.1080/15564886.2020.1828210
Ardani, M. S. A., & Jarodi, O. (2023). Analisis Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Seksual Narapidana di Rutan Klas I Cipinang. Jurnal Intelektualita: Keislaman, Sosial dan Sains, 12(02). https://doi.org/10.19109/intelektualita.v12i002.19824
Aziz, U. A., Baehaqi, B., & Sarjono, J. (2023). Tinjauan Hukum Islam Terhadap Pemenuhan Nafkah Bagi Suami Narapidana Terhadap Keluarga Studi Kasus Narapidana Lembaga Pemasyarakatan (Lapas) Wonogiri. Al Hukmu: Journal of Islamic Law and Economics, 33–40. https://doi.org/10.54090/hukmu.240
Bina KUA dan Keluarga Sakinah. (2017). FONDASI KELUARGA SAKINAH Bacaan Mandiri Calon Pengantin. Subdit Bina Keluarga Sakinah Direktorat Bina KUA & Keluarga Sakinah Ditjen Bimas Islam Kemenag RI. https://kupipedia.id/images/0/0f/Fondasi_keluarga_sakinah.pdf
Bramandita, R. (2023). Urgensi Pemenuhan Hak Biologis Narapidana Ditinjau Dari Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2022 Tentang Pemasyarakatan dan Hak Asasi Manusia. AL-MANHAJ: Jurnal Hukum dan Pranata Sosial Islam, 5(2), 1485–1492. https://doi.org/10.37680/almanhaj.v5i2.3239
Daud, M. K., Rahmatillah, S., & Yulian, R. W. (2021). Persepsi Istri Narapidana Terhadap Pemenuhan Nafkah Ditinjau dari Hukum Islam (Studi Kasus di Kecamatan Kluet Tengah Kabupaten Aceh Selatan). El-Usrah: Jurnal Hukum Keluarga, 4(2), 387. https://doi.org/10.22373/ujhk.v4i2.7739
Fathurrahim, F. (2023). Implementasi Pasal 56 Kuhap Tentang Hak Tersangka Atas Bantuan Hukum Dalam Proses Penyidikan Perkara Tindak Pidana Narkotika. IBLAM Law Review, 3(2), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.52249/ilr.v3i2.114
Gane, C., & Mackarel, M. (1997). United Nations: Standard Minimum Rules for the Treatment of Prisoners. Dalam C. Gane & M. Mackarel (Ed.), Human Rights and the Administration of Justice (hlm. 385–402). Brill | Nijhoff. https://doi.org/10.1163/9789004637450_034
Goetting, A. (1982). Conjugal Association in Prison: Issues and Perspectives. Crime & Delinquency, 28(1), 52–71. https://doi.org/10.1177/001112878202800104
Handayani, Y. (2020). Tipologi Pelaksanaan Kewajiban Nafkah Lahir Suami Yang Berstatus Narapidana Perspektif Hukum Islam (Studi Analisis Interpretasi Teori Qira’ah Mubadalah). JURIS (Jurnal Ilmiah Syariah), 19(1), 13. https://doi.org/10.31958/juris.v19i1.1882
Harahap, Y., & Omara, A. (2012). Kompilasi Hukum Islam dalam Perspektif Hukum Perundang-undangan. Mimbar Hukum - Fakultas Hukum Universitas Gadjah Mada, 22(3), 625. https://doi.org/10.22146/jmh.16245
Hasri, H., & Ridwan, S. (2021). Pemenuhan Nafkah Batin Narapidana Kepada Istri Di Lapas Kelas 1 Makassar Dan Implikasinya Bagi Keharmonisan Keluarga. Qadauna: Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Hukum Keluarga Islam, 2(3), 519–532. https://doi.org/10.24252/qadauna.v2i3.19336
Hidayat, T. A., Anandan, T. R., Putri, N. M., Silitonga, R. G., & Wijaya, W. (2023). Conjugal Visit Dalam Perspektif Teori Relatif Sistem Pemidanaan Di Indonesia. Yustitia, 9(2), 236–248. https://doi.org/10.31943/yustitia.v10i2.187
Hikmah, F., Hakim, N. A., Roka, T. A., & Yokotani, Y. (2024). The Urgency of Implementing Conjugal Visit for Inmates from the Perspective of Positive Law and Human Rights. Jurnal USM Law Review, 7(3), 1339–1359. https://doi.org/10.26623/julr.v7i3.10483
Kusmaryanto, C. B. (2021). Hak Asasi Manusia atau Hak Manusiawi? Jurnal HAM, 12(3), 521. https://doi.org/10.30641/ham.2021.12.521-532
Lestari, V. E., Setianto, M. J., & Landrawan, I. W. (2025). Tinjauan Yuridis Kebijakan Conjugal Visit Dan Pengadaan Bilik Asmara Sebagai Upaya Preventif Pada Kasus Penyimpangan Seksual Oleh Narapidana Di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan. Jurnal Ilmu Hukum Sui Generis, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.23887/jih.v4i1.5022
Martvina Sapii, Sumiyati Beddu, & Rafika Nur. (2023). Analisis Kriminologi Perilaku Seks Menyimpang Warga Binaan Lembaga Pemasyarakatan di Provinsi Gorontalo. Jurnal Hukum, Politik Dan Ilmu Sosial, 2(3), 01–17. https://doi.org/10.55606/jhpis.v2i3.1657
Millah, Z. (2017). Seks dan Kuasa dalam Hukum Islam: Studi Fiqh Seksualitas. De Jure: Jurnal Hukum dan Syar’iah, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.18860/j-fsh.v9i1.4144
Nurul Ramadhani Sangker, W., Muhammad Sabir Rahman, Muhammad Aditya, Muhammad Kemal Yunus. (2024). Problematika Pengadaan Bilik Asmara di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas II A Parepare Demi Pemenuhan Hak Seksual Narapidana. UNES Law Review, 6(4). https://doi.org/10.31933/unesrev.v6i4
Panjaitan, P. I. & Chairijah. (2009). Pidana penjara dalam perspektif penegak hukum, masyarakat, dan narapidana. IHC.
Pramadhani, T. A., & Subroto, M. (2022). Kebutuhan Biologis Narapidana Seumur Hidup Di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Kelas Ii B Cianjur. Journal Justiciabelen (JJ), 2(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.35194/jj.v2i1.1799
Prasetio, R. B., Waskita, R., Rafsanjani, J. I., & Anggayudha, Z. H. (2023). Zero Overstaying: Harapan Baru Pasca Lahirnya Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2022 Tentang Pemasyarakatan. Jurnal Ilmiah Kebijakan Hukum, 17(2), 111. https://doi.org/10.30641/kebijakan.2023.V17.111-134
Pratama, D. A. (2021). Kunjungan Biologis Kebijakan Kunjungan Biologis Di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Sebagai Wujud Keadilan Sosial Bagi Warga Binaan. PUSKAPSI Law Review, 1(2), 132. https://doi.org/10.19184/puskapsi.v1i2.28093
Putri, R., & Adha, L. H. (2024). Tinjauan Hukum Terhadap Kewajiban Nafkah Biologis Bagi Pasangan Kawin Yang Terpidana: Studi di Lapas Kelas II A Kuripan Lombok Barat. Private Law, 4(2), 466–483. https://doi.org/10.29303/prlw.v4i2.4866
Rohim, A. (2024). Dakwah Islam Moderat dan Realitas Politik di Indonesia. Ad-DA’WAH, 22(1), 17–33. https://doi.org/10.59109/addawah.v22i1.60
Sukardi, S.-, Angkasa, A., & Budiyono, B. (2023). Efektivitas Conjugal Visit Di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan Terbuka Kelas Iib Nusakambangan. Jurnal Idea Hukum, 9(1). https://doi.org/10.20884/1.jih.2023.9.1.411
Syafari, T., Fathurahim, F., & Robo, B. D. (2025). Fulfillment of Rights to Recovery for Victims of Sexual Violence Which Settlement is Made Outside the Judicial Process in Ternate City. Jurnal Daulat Hukum, 8(2), 219. https://doi.org/10.30659/jdh.v8i2.45282
Utami Larasati, N., Nurhadiyanto, L., Zaky, M., & Rozak, A. (2023). Analisis Manfaat dan Risiko Bilik Asmara di Lembaga Pemasyarakatan sebagai Upaya Pemenuhan Kebutuhan Seksual Narapidana. Jurnal Hukum Pidana dan Kriminologi, 4(2), 16–28. https://doi.org/10.51370/jhpk.v4i2.142
Regulation
Undang-Undang Dasar 1945
Undang-Undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2022 tentang Pemasyarakatan
other sources
Bina KUA dan Keluarga Sakinah. Fondasi Keluarga Sakinah Bacaan Mandiri Calon Pengantin. Subdit Bina Keluarga Sakinah Direktorat Bina KUA & Keluarga Sakinah Ditjen Bimas Islam Kemenag RI, 2017. https://kupipedia.id/images/0/0f/Fondasi_keluarga_sakinah.pdf.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Tri Syafari, Basto Daeng Robo, Fathurrahim; Sophian Yahya Selajar, Nurhayati Chalil
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish their manuscripts in this journal agree to the following conditions:
- The copyright on each article belongs to the author(s).
- The author acknowledges that the Journal of Law, Poliitic and Humanities (JLPH) has the right to be the first to publish with a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
- Authors can submit articles separately, arrange for the non-exclusive distribution of manuscripts that have been published in this journal into other versions (e.g., sent to the author's institutional repository, publication into books, etc.), by acknowledging that the manuscript has been published for the first time in the Journal of Law, Poliitic and Humanities (JLPH).
