Legal Protection of Anesthesia Technicians for Anesthesia Procedures Without an Anesthesiologist in Hospitals
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/jlph.v6i2.2732Keywords:
Anesthesia Technician, Legal Protection, Authority, Anesthesia Procedures, Health Law 2023Abstract
This study aims to analyze the authority and forms of legal protection for anesthesia technicians in performing anesthesia procedures without the presence of an anesthesiologist in hospitals. The research method used is normative legal research with statutory and conceptual approaches, using primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials analyzed qualitatively. The research results show that there is a gap between normative provisions in Minister of Health Regulation No. 18 of 2016 and empirical practice in the field. Although the regulation governs the delegation of authority (delegation and mandate) for anesthesia technicians under certain conditions, its implementation still faces limitations in supervision and unclear legal responsibility. Law No. 17 of 2023 on Health brings important changes by positioning anesthesia technicians as medical technical personnel and making competency standards the basis of authority, while providing legal protection for health workers who act to save patients' lives in emergency situations. However, legal protection for anesthesia technicians who perform elective procedures without an anesthesiologist remains weak as it may be considered exceeding authority. In conclusion, legal protection for anesthesia technicians in anesthesia procedures without an anesthesiologist is limited and contextual: strong in emergency situations, but weak in elective procedures. More explicit legal arrangements adaptive to health service conditions in regions are needed to provide proportional legal certainty and protection for anesthesia technicians and ensure patient safety.
References
Agustin, R., & Syahuri, T. (2024). Implementasi Undang-Undang Kesehatan: Implikasi Terhadap Kesejahteraan Masyarakat Dan Perspektif Tenaga Kesehatan Di Indonesia. Bacarita Law Journal, 4(2), 64–76. https://doi.org/10.30598/bacarita.v4i2.12362
Arief, B. N. (1998). Beberapa Aspek Kebijakan Penegakan dan Pengembangan Hukum Pidana. Citra Aditya Bakti.
Assegaf, Z., & Nambung, I. (2023). Pertanggungjawaban Hukum Atas Pelimpahan Wewenang Dokter Spesialis Kandungan Kepada Bidan. Jurnal Hukum Kesehatan Indonesia, 3(01), 46–56. https://doi.org/10.53337/jhki.v3i01.90
Aurelia, M., & Maritza, A. (2025). Dampak Transformasi Sektor Kesehatan di Indonesia Pasca Disahkan Undang-Undang Tentang Kesehatan No. 17 Tahun 2023. Jurnal Sosial Dan Sains (SOSAINS), 5(6), 1694–1702. https://doi.org/10.59188/jurnalsosains.v5i6.32259
Dewata, M. F. N., & Achmad, Y. (2010). Dualisme penelitian hukum: normatif & empiris. Pustaka Pelajar.
Djojodirdjo, M. (1979). Perbuatan melawan hukum. Pradnya Paramita.
Feriyanto, Y. D., Listyaningrum, T. H., & Murdiyanto, J. (2025). Hubungan Pengetahuan Komponen Keterampilan Klinis Profesi Penata Anestesi Dengan Sikap Dalam Menjalankan Kinerja Mahasiswa Anestesiologi Pada Praktik Klinik Dasar Di Rumah Sakit. Jurnal Kesehatan Republik Indonesia, 2(8), 272–279.
Gandara, M. (2020). Kewenangan Atribusi, Delegasi dan Mandat. Khazanah Hukum, 2(3), 92–99.
Guwandi, J. (2019). Hukum Medik (medical law). Fakultas kedokteran Universitas Indonesia.
Hadjon, P. M. (1994). Pengantar Hukum Administrasi Indonesia (Introduction to The Indonesian Administrative Law) (Cetakan ke). Yogyakarta: Gajahmada University Press.
Hadjon, P. M. (1998). Penataan Hukum Administrasi. Surabaya: Fakultas Hukum Unair, Surabaya.
Haryanto, G., Ambarwati, E., & Lany, A. (2025). Legal protection for medical personnel in BPJS affiliated hospitals based on Law Number 17 of 2023. Research Horizon, 5(4), 1513–1522. https://doi.org/10.58812/jhhws.v3i01.1021
Hasmita, D., Kuntardjo, C., Putra, M. D., Tirta, I. P. H. J., & Srihardini, R. (2025). Tinjauan Yuridis dan Etik terhadap Pelimpahan Wewenang antar Profesi Kesehatan di Fasilitas Pelayanan Kesehatan. Jurnal Pendidikan Tambusai, 9(2), 13848–13853.
Hatta, M. (2013). Hukum Kesehatan dan Sengketa Medik. Liberty Yogyakarta.
Heriyanto, H. (2024). Tingkat Pengetahuan Tenaga Kesehatan dan Masyarakat Terhadap Undang-Undang Kesehatan yang Baru (Undang-Undang Nomor 17 Tahun 2023 Tentang Kesehatan). Jurnal Hukum Dan HAM Wara Sains, 3(1), 138–145. https://doi.org/10.58812/jhhws.v3i01.1021
Huda, K., & Huda, M. K. (2021). Legal Protection for Nurses Regarding the Delegation of Authority from Doctors in Performing Wound Suturing Medical Actions in Hospital Emergency Rooms. Jurnal Hukum Dan Etika Kesehatan, 1(1), 98–121. https://doi.org/10.30649/jhek.v1i1.18
Indroharto, U. (1993). Usaha Memahami Undang-undang Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara. Buku II, Beracara Di Pengadilan Tata Usaha Negara, Sinar Harapan, Jakarta.
Ishaq. (2008). Dasar-Dasar Ilmu Hukum. Alumni.
Januarita, R., Siska, F., & Aqimuddin, E. A. (2019). Investment Scheme in Kertajati Aerocity Development in Majalengka District, West Java Province Which is Oriented to The Principles of Good Corporate Governance. International Journal of Research–Granthaalayah, 7(10), 191–204.
Kemenkes RI. (2023). Laporan Kinerja Tahun 2023 Direktorat Pendayagunaan Tenaga Kesehatan. DItjen Tenaga Kesehatan, Kemenkes RI. https://repositori-ditjen-nakes.kemkes.go.id/632/1/LKJ Ditgun 2023_final %281%29.pdf
Kumala, R., Suherman, H., & Wahyuni, D. (2023). Efektivitas Regulasi Penyelenggaraan Praktik Penata Anestesi dengan STRPA dan SIPPA dalam Pelayanan Anestesiologi Perioperatif. Jurnal Kebijakan Kesehatan Indonesia, 12(1), 22–26. https://doi.org/10.22146/jkki.81459
Lazuardi, I., & Marwiyah, S. (2023). Analysis of informed consent as the legal protection of physician relationships and patients in malpractice case. Policy Law Notary Regul, 2(4), 327–338. https://doi.org/10.55047/polri.v2i4.774
Martiyaningsih, E. Z., Diatmiko, R. D. S., & Maryani, A. (2025). Perlindungan Hukum terhadap Tenaga Kesehatan yang Mengalami Kekerasan pada Pelayanan Kesehatan di Rumah Sakit Ditinjau dari Perspektif UU No. 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan. JIIP-Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Pendidikan, 8(10), 12050–12061. https://doi.org/10.54371/jiip.v8i10.9451
Negoro, W. R. (2025). Perlindungan Hukum Bagi Penata Anestesi Di Fasilitas Kesehatan Yang Tidak Terdapat Dokter Spesialis Anestesi. PREPOTIF : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat, 9(1), 418–428.
Poernomo, B. (1994). Asas-asas Hukum Pidana. Ghalia Indonesia.
Pradita, R., Kusumo, R., & Rahmawati. (2022). Pentignya Aspek Keamanan Informasi Data Pasien pada Penerapan RME di Puskesmas. JOURNAL OF SUSTAINABLE COMMUNITY SERVICE, 2(2), 52–62. https://doi.org/10.55047/jscs.v2i2.437
Sally, K., Simon, T., Alexander, B., & Sarah, L. (2013). Anaesthesia on The Move. In Jakarta: Indeks.
Secillia A, B. A., Maranatha, F. S., Hartant, N. A., & Yuniarti. (2025). Analisis Implikasi Undang-Undang No. 17 Tahun 2023 tentang Kesehatan terhadap Praktik Keperawatan di Indonesia. Jurnal Siti Rufaidah, 3(2), 38–48. https://doi.org/10.57214/jasira.v3i2.182
Sukmayoga Wiweka, G. R., Ari Atu Dewi, A. A. I., Arya Sumertayasa, P. G., & Bagiastra, I. N. (2024). Settlement of Sexual Violence Against Children Based on Balinese Customary Law. Policy, Law, Notary and Regulatory Issues (POLRI), 3(2), 240–251. https://doi.org/10.55047/polri.v3i2.1120
Sulistiyowati, A. (2021). Delegation of Authority from Doctors to Nurses in Performing Intubation Actions. Jurnal Hukum Dan Etika Kesehatan, 1(1), 85–97. https://doi.org/10.30649/jhek.v1i1.17
Sutanto, Y. S. (2024). Criminal Legal Protection For Medical Personnel In The Resolution Of Medical Disputes. Policy, Law, Notary And Regulatory Issues, 3(3), 373–383. https://doi.org/10.55047/polri.v3i3.1243
Ta’adi, & Ufran. (2017). Hukum Kesehatan Berbasis Pada Keadilan: Studi Keadilan Berdasar pada Kesetaraan Profesi yang Berlandaskan Keadilan Sosial. GENTA Publishing.
Wahyudi, F. M., Suryanah, A., Juarta, T., & Nugraha, I. L. (2023). Implementasi kmk 722 tahun 2020 tentang standar profesi penata anestesi. Jurnal Kebijakan Kesehatan Indonesia, 12(1), 60–65. https://doi.org/10.22146/jkki.79992
Wahyudiono, G., Ismono, J., & Daim, N. A. (2024). Perlindungan Hukum Tenaga Kesehatan (Penata Anestesi) Setelah Terbitnya Undang-Undang Kesehatan Nomor 17 Tahun 2023. Law and Humanity, 2(1), 1–17. https://doi.org/10.37504/lh.v2i1.605
Yustina, E. W. (2012). Mengenal Hukum Rumah Sakit. CV Keni Media.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Afriansyah Afriansyah, Khalisah Hayatuddin, Martini
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish their manuscripts in this journal agree to the following conditions:
- The copyright on each article belongs to the author(s).
- The author acknowledges that the Journal of Law, Poliitic and Humanities (JLPH) has the right to be the first to publish with a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
- Authors can submit articles separately, arrange for the non-exclusive distribution of manuscripts that have been published in this journal into other versions (e.g., sent to the author's institutional repository, publication into books, etc.), by acknowledging that the manuscript has been published for the first time in the Journal of Law, Poliitic and Humanities (JLPH).
