Digital Evidence And Its Challenges In Indonesian Civil Law
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/jlph.v6i4.3232Keywords:
Digital Evidence, Information Technology Legal Challenges, Civil LawAbstract
Abstract
This research was conducted with the aim of finding out the legal basis, challenges and legal solutions faced in digital evidence in electronic contract disputes in Indonesia. The type of research used in this research is normative legal research using statutory and conceptual approaches. The results of this research show that: 1) The legal basis for digital proof of electronic contract disputes is regulated in the ITE Law and the Civil Code. The ITE Law is regulated in Article 1 paragraph (17) and Article 5 paragraph (1). Meanwhile, the Civil Code is regulated in Article 1320, Article 1338 and Article 1866 of the Civil Code. 2) The challenges of digital proof of electronic contract disputes include three aspects, namely: The judicial aspect (judges are still hesitant in considering authentic electronic documents as valid evidence), the technical aspect (it is difficult to guarantee the authenticity of data without special expertise), and the legal aspect (there are no formal rules in civil procedural law regarding procedures for electronic proof). The solutions that can be implemented are by strengthening the capacity and technical guidelines for law enforcement officials, strategic efforts are needed to ensure the authentication, integrity and reliability of electronic evidence presented at trial, as well as reformulating civil procedural law and harmonizing other regulations relating to electronic evidence.
References
Afrizal Mukti Wibowo, dkk. (2024). Perkembangan Hukum Keperdataan di Era Digital. Sada Kurnia Pustaka.
Dotulong, T. (2014). KEBERADAAN ALAT BUKTI ELEKTRONIK DALAM PENYELESAIAN SENGKETA PERDATA. LEX PRIVATUM, 2(3). https://ejournal.unsrat.ac.id/v3/index.php/lexprivatum/article/view/6169
Efa Laela Fakhriah. (2017). Bukti Elektronik dalam System Pembuktian Perdata. PT. Refika Aditama.
Endri. (2022). Urgency and Mechanism of Electronic Evidence Validation in Electronic Court Evidence Rules. Jurnal Hukum Peratun, 4(1), 89–104. https://doi.org/10.25216/peratun.412021.89-104
Huberta, G. A., & Fewsan, K. (2025). Prinsip Kebebasan Berkontrak dalam Era Digital: Tantangan dan Implikasinya. COMSERVA : Jurnal Penelitian Dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, 4(12), 5336–5345. https://doi.org/10.59141/COMSERVA.V4I12.3068
Kuspraningrum, E., & Sambaliung Kampus Gn Kelua Samarinda Kalimantan Timur, J. (2011). Keabsahan Kontrak Elektronik Dalam UU ITE Ditinjau Dari Pasal 1320 KUHPerdata dan UNCITRAL Model Law On Electronic Commerce. Risalah Hukum, 7(2), 64–76. https://e-journal.fh.unmul.ac.id/index.php/risalah/article/view/189
M. Yahya Harahap. (2017). Hukum Acara Perdata Tentang Gugatan, Persidangan, Penyitaan, Pembuktian, dan Putusan Pengadilan. Sinar Grafika.
Ni Ketut Litawati, I. W. B. S. L. (2023). Urgensi Pembaharuan Hukum Acara Pidana Terkait Alat Bukti Elektronik. Jurnal Kertha Semaya, 12(3).
Ni Luh Putu Sudarini, & Dewa gede pradnyana yustiawan. (2023). Keabsahan Kontrak Secara Elektronik Sebagai Alat Pembuktian Di Tinjau secara Hukum Perdata. Jurnal Hukum Dan Sosial Politik, 1(4), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.59581/jhsp-widyakarya.v1i4.1136
Nurul Rachma Tiyas, Hamzah, S. A. (2025). PERSPEKTIF HUKUM ERA DIGITAL TERHADAP WANPRESTASI DALAM PERJANJIAN SEWA MENYEWA ALAT BERAT. Rewang Rencang : Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis: Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis, 6(4).
Purba, W. N., & Siregar, F. R. (2025). Pengaruh Media Massa Terhadap Penegakan Hukum Pidana. Locus Journal of Academic Literature Review, 4(3), 217–222. https://doi.org/10.56128/ljoalr.v4i3.505
Rum, G. W. (2025). Penggunaan Alat Bukti Elektronik Dalam Proses Peradilan Perdata. Jurnal Multidisiplin Ilmu Akademik, 2(1), 61–68. https://doi.org/10.61722/jmia.v2i1.3151
Shadira Sastra Darmanti, D. nisrina faiha. (2024). Kedudukan Alat Bukti Petunjuk di Ranah Hukum Acara Pidana. Equality Before The Law, 4(1). https://doi.org/10.36232/EQUALITYBEFORETHELAW.V4I1.457
Sudarsono. (2019). Legal Issues Pada Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara Pasca Reformasi: Hukum Acara dan E-Court. Kencana.
Sukmaningsih, N. K. I. A., PRATAMA, I. P. A., & Prathama, A. A. G. A. I. (2025). Paradigma Baru dalam Pembaharuan Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Perdata: Upaya Adaptasi terhadap Dinamika Hukum di Era Digital dan Globalisasi. Jurnal Yustitia, 20(1), 67–76. https://doi.org/10.62279/yustitia.v20i1.1459
Syahrin, M. A. (2020). Berdasarkan Hukum Nasional Dan Uncitral Model Law on Electronic Commerce. Repertorium Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum Kenotariatan, 9(2), 105–122. https://doi.org/10.28946/rpt.v9i2.419
Togar, *, Winfernando, P., Winfernando, T. P., & Madura, U. T. (2023). Dinamika Hukum Perjanjian Elektronik: Tantangan Dan Prospek Dalam Era Digital. JOURNAL SAINS STUDENT RESEARCH, 1(2), 841–847. https://doi.org/10.61722/JSSR.V1I2.312
W. Riawan Tjandra. (2011). Teori dan Praktik Peradilan Tata Usaha Negara. Cahaya Atma Pustaka.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Heru Sunardi, Jamaludin Jamaludin, Moh. Asyiq Amrulloh, Dewi Hikmayatun Ulya
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish their manuscripts in this journal agree to the following conditions:
- The copyright on each article belongs to the author(s).
- The author acknowledges that the Journal of Law, Poliitic and Humanities (JLPH) has the right to be the first to publish with a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
- Authors can submit articles separately, arrange for the non-exclusive distribution of manuscripts that have been published in this journal into other versions (e.g., sent to the author's institutional repository, publication into books, etc.), by acknowledging that the manuscript has been published for the first time in the Journal of Law, Poliitic and Humanities (JLPH).
