Regulations on Measured Fishing in Indonesia from the Perspective of UNCLOS 1982 and UNFSA 1995, Examined of the Precautionary Approach
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/jlph.v6i4.3492Keywords:
Measured Fishing, Fisheries, UNCLOS, UNFSA, Precautionary ApproachAbstract
Indonesia's recently enacted Measured Fishing (PIT) policy represents an important development in national fisheries governance, transitioning from administrative licensing toward catch limit based management. This article evaluates the policy's compliance with international obligations established under UNCLOS 1982 and UNFSA 1995, using normative legal analysis. The research confirms that Measured Fishing implements the allowable catch concept and incorporates science-based management through quota systems calculated from fish stock assessments. Nevertheless, critical gaps remain. Government Regulation No. 11 of 2023 does not explicitly adopt the precautionary approach required by UNFSA, particularly regarding the management of scientific uncertainty and the establishment of precautionary reference points. The regulation assumes data availability but lacks guidance for situations involving insufficient or unreliable information. To achieve full international compliance, this article recommends: (1) explicitly integrating the precautionary principle into national fisheries legislation; (2) establishing target and limit reference points as specified in UNFSA Annex II; (3) strengthening scientific stock assessment mechanisms; and (4) enhancing vessel monitoring and enforcement systems. By implementing these recommendations, Indonesia can transform Measured Fishing into a comprehensive precautionary fisheries management regime that ensures both legal compliance and ecological sustainability.
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