Indonesian Air Force Transformation Strategy Towards Multi-Domain Operations (MDO) Through Adapting The Asian Country Model To Face Modern Warfare
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/jlph.v6i5.3545Keywords:
Adaptation of the Asian Country Model, Air Defense, Decision Advantage, Indonesian Air Force Transformation, Interoperability, Modern Warfare, Multi Domain Operations (MDO), Multidomain OperationsAbstract
Perkembangan lingkungan strategis global dan perubahan karakter peperangan modern telah mendorong transformasi konsep operasi militer dari pendekatan domain tunggal menjadi Operasi Multi-Domain (MDO) yang mengintegrasikan domain darat, laut, udara, siber, ruang angkasa, dan spektrum elektromagnetik untuk menciptakan keunggulan pengambilan keputusan. Kondisi ini mengharuskan Angkatan Udara Indonesia (TNI AU) untuk melakukan transformasi agar mampu mengatasi ancaman multidimensi yang semakin kompleks di kawasan Indo-Pasifik dan lingkungan strategis nasional. Studi ini bertujuan untuk merumuskan strategi dan peta jalan transformasi TNI AU menuju MDO dengan mengadaptasi model negara-negara Asia, khususnya Jepang, Korea Selatan, Singapura, dan India. Kajian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif-analitis serta pendekatan konseptualisasi, komparatif, dan strategi melalui kajian literatur tentang doktrin militer, kebijakan pertahanan, regulasi, dan literatur terkait. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa TNI AU memiliki fondasi awal menuju operasi multi-domain melalui pengembangan konsep Sistem Pertahanan Angkatan Udara CAKRA, penguatan organisasi Koopsudnas, pengembangan Tactical Data Links, kemampuan siber dan ruang angkasa, serta implementasi Network Centric Warfare. Namun, transformasi ini masih menghadapi beberapa tantangan, seperti kurangnya definisi operasional MDO yang sesuai dengan karakteristik Indonesia, interoperabilitas sistem yang terbatas, kebutuhan untuk memperkuat kemampuan C4ISR/C5ISR/C6ISR, kesiapan sumber daya manusia multidomain, dan penguatan perlindungan industri nasional. Studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa transformasi Angkatan Udara Indonesia MDO perlu diimplementasikan secara bertahap menuju praktik adaptasi terbaik dari negara-negara Asia sambil tetap mempertimbangkan karakteristik geografis Indonesia, sistem pertahanan total, dan kepentingan pertahanan nasional untuk mewujudkan angkatan udara yang terintegrasi, adaptif, dan siap menghadapi peperangan modern.
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