Evaluation of the Filling of Member Positions in the Regional Representative Council (DPD) RI Through Individuals From 2004 to 2024: Should Political Parties Be Given a Formal Role?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/jlph.v6i5.3716Keywords:
Evaluation, Regional Representative Council, Political PartiesAbstract
For two decades (2004-2024), the Regional Representative Council (DPD) of the Republic of Indonesia has been normatively designed to be filled by individuals, distancing it from Political Parties. Article 22E Paragraph (4) of the 1945 Constitution, the Law on General Elections, and the Decisions of the Constitutional Court affirm this normative framework. However, the empirical reality shows that many DPD members are actually affiliated with political parties. In line with this, the DPD, which is designed with weak authority (Soft Bicameralism), is unable to significantly improve the function of the representative body. This article conducts a critical evaluation of both the normative design and the empirical reality with the aim of providing a model that enables the potential strengthening of the DPD as a regional representation. The research concludes: First, the design of electing DPD members through general elections naturally requires extensive networks and substantial funding, so that even independent (individual) candidates often need political parties that naturally possess networks in society. This reality is shown by DPD members who are not political party executives but essentially have affiliations with political parties; Second, there is a need for a suitable (fit) design between the candidacy requirements and the election mechanism. If the general election mechanism is maintained, the candidacy requirements should not only be for individuals but could also involve political parties. If the individual candidacy requirement is maintained, there needs to be a redesign of the election mechanism into an indirect election by each regional government at the provincial level.References
Aditama Candra Kusuma dkk., “Peran Lembaga Legislatif Dalam Konfigurasi Politik Hukum: Antara Aspirasi Publik Dan Kepentingan Politik Untuk Mencapai Karakteristik Produk Hukum,” Jurnal Hukum Statuta 4, no. 1 (2024): 1–15.
Ahmad Burhan Hakim dan Muhyidin Muhyidin, “Demokrasi dan Politik Biaya Tinggi (High Cost Politics),” JOSH: Journal of Sharia 1, no. 01 (2022): 12–22.
Ailan Goraahe, “Disorientasi Militer Pasca-Reformasi: Kasus Lanud Leo Wattimena Morotai,” Kebijakan Publik dalam Pusaran Perubahan Ideologi dari Kuasa Negara ke Dominasi Pasar, (2020): 127.
Apri Rotin Djusfi dkk., “Partisipasi Partai Politik Lokal dalam Perpolitikan Nasional Pada Keanggotaan DPD,” Ius Civile: Refleksi Penegakan Hukum dan Keadilan 4, no. 2 (2020).
Arafatus Syahidah, “Analisis Peran Dan Kinerja Dewan Perwakilan Daerah (Dpd) Selama Empat Periode,” Jurnal Wahana Bina Pemerintahan 6, no. 1 (2024): 24–30.
Asri Rezki Saputra, “Desain konstitusional pengisian jabatan anggota DPD RI,” Indonesia Berdaya 3, no. 1 (2022): 135–42.
Bagir Manan dkk., “Prospek Relasi Dewan Perwakilan Daerah Dengan Partai Politik,” Jurnal Hukum Ius Quia Iustum 28, no. 2 (2021): 233–57.
Belly Isnaeni, “Trias politica dan implikasinya dalam struktur kelembagaan negara dalam UUD 1945 pasca amandemen,” Jurnal Magister Ilmu Hukum 6, no. 2 (2021): 78.
Deizan Azriel Drahmasyfa dkk., “Rekonstruksi Kewenangan DPD Dalam Sistem Bikameral Lunak Indonesia: Memperkuat Representasi Daerah,” Jurnal Ilmu Pendidikan Pancasila, Kewarganegaraan, Dan Hukum 2, no. 3 (2025): 14–21.
Dian Kurniawati dan Elva Imeldatur Rohmah, “Peran Mahkamah Konstitusi Dalam Penguatan Prinsip Checks And Balances Dalam Sistem Ketatanegaraan Indonesia,” Qaumiyyah: Jurnal Hukum Tata Negara 5, no. 2 (2024): 183–207.
Diya Ul Akmal, “Penambahan kewenangan dewan perwakilan daerah sebagai upaya memperkuat eksistensinya,” Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum dan Keadilan 10, no. 1 (2023): 37–50.
Dwi Putra Nugraha, Desain Konstitusi Keseimbangan Bermartabat: Rekonstruksi Pengaturan Politik Identitas Dalam Pemilihan Kepala Pemerintah Daerah (PT. RajaGrafindo Persada, 2025).
Elviandri Elviandri dkk., “Pembatasan Masa Jabatan Ketua Umum Partai Politik: Pilar Demokrasi Dan Penguatan Pelembagaan Parpol Dari Conflict Of Interest Dan Abuse Of Power,” Jurnal Retentum 6, no. 2 (2024): 192–201.
Fadzli Ramadhan Alamsyah dan others, “Pengaruh selebriti dalam pencalonan anggota legislatif terhadap perilaku pemilih: Studi kasus pencalonan Komeng sebagai anggota Dewan Perwakilan Daerah Republik Indonesia Dapil Kota Bekasi 4 tahun 2024,” Journal of Politic and Government Studies 14, no. 1 (2024): 344–50.
Hezron Sabar Rotua Tinambunan dkk., Hukum Tata Negara: Teori, Konstitusi, dan Praktik di Indonesia (Ponorogo: Najaha, 2025).
Jovano Deivid Oleyver Palenewen, “Structuring the Authority of the DPD RI as Consistency in the Bicameral System,” Journal of Politics and Policy, (2020): 125–36.
Kexia Goutama dan Luisa Srihandayani, “Diskursus Jabatan Keanggotaan Dewan Perwakilan Daerah: Partai Politik Atau Perseorangan,” Jurnal Panji Keadilan: Jurnal Ilmiah Nasional Mahasiswa Hukum 3 (2020): 74–85.
Kiki Wulandari dkk., “Deparpolisasi Keanggotaan Dewan Perwakilan Daerah (Tela’ah Atas Hasrat Partai Politik Dalam Mengokupasi DPD),” Al-Adalah: Jurnal Hukum dan Politik Islam 5, no. 1 (2020): 52–69.
Ludgerius Maruli Nugroho Tumanggor dkk., “Analisis Perbandingan Sistem Parlemen di Pemerintahan Federal Australia dan Jerman dalam Penanganan Pandemi Covid-19,” Innovative: Journal Of Social Science Research 4, no. 3 (2024): 7882–92.
Muhammad Baharudin Zubakhrum Tjenreng, Demokrasi di Indonesia melalui pilkada serentak (Penerbit Papas Sinar Sinanti, 2020).
Muhammad Fadhil dkk., “Kewenangan Dewan Perwakilan Daerah (DPD) Republik Indonesia Ditinjau dari Perspektif Sistem Bikameral,” LEGAL DIALOGICA 1, no. 1 (2025): 1–18.
Muhammad Helmi Fahrozi, “Kemandirian Penyelenggara Pemilu: Rekonstruksi Pembentukan Peraturan Komisi Pemilihan Umum Berkepastian Hukum dan Partisipatif” (PhD Thesis, Universitas Islam Indonesia, 2025).
Muhammad Munjin Sulaeman dkk., “Analisis Implementasi Peran Badan Pengawas Pemilihan Umum (Bawaslu) dalam Memastikan Transparansi Pendanaan Partai Politik dalam Pemilihan Umum Serentak beserta Permasalahannya,” Jurnal Ilmu Sosial 5, no. 1 (2025): 258–76.
Nanda Herlinanur dkk., “Peran Amandemen UUD 1945 Dalam Memperkuat Sistem Check And Balance,” Research Review: Jurnal Ilmiah Multidisiplin 3, no. 1 (2024): 110–17.
Netanael Tampubolon dkk., “Tanggung jawab negara terhadap jaminan kesehatan dalam perspektif hak asasi manusia,” Nommensen Journal of Constitutional and Administrative Law 1, no. 1 (2022): 25–34.
Oktavia Deta Riawan dan others, “Dominasi Oligarki Dan Politik Dinasti Dalam Kandidasi Kepala Daerah Oleh Partai Demokrasi Indonesia Perjuangan Di Kota Surakarta Tahun 2020,” Journal of Politic and Government Studies 13, no. 4 (2024): 412–20.
RAIHANAH AL JINAN dkk., “Analisis Kedudukan dan Peran Dewan Perwakilan Daerah (DPD) dalam Sistem Ketatanegaraan Republik Indonesia Ditinjau dari Fiqh Siyasah” (PhD Thesis, INSTITUT AGAMA ISLAM NEGERI (IAIN) CURUP, 2024).
Rifky Sandy dkk., “Peran Partai Politik Terhadap Kekuasaan Legislatif: Peran Partai Politik Dalam Kekuasaan Legislatif,” Jurnal Panorama Hukum 9, no. 1 (2024): 1–16.
Riyanto Moonti dkk., “Penguatan DPD RI sebagai Representasi Daerah: Telaah Kritis Keterbatasan Kewenangan dalam UUD 1945,” Journal of Law and Justice 1, no. 1 (2026): 7–12.
Rizki Rahayu Fitri dkk., “Executive Neutrality and Partisan Politics in Indonesia’s Presidential System: Reassessing the Constitutional Boundaries of Presidential Power,” Constitutional Law Review, (2025): 98–116.
Ryan Muthiara Wasti, “Peran Dewan Perwakilan Daerah (DPD) Sebagai Representasi Daerah Di Masa Pandemi,” Jurnal Konstitusi & Demokrasi 5, no. 1 (2023): 4.
SIP Krisma Trianisa dkk., Pudarnya Pesona Bintang Dampak Gejolak Internal Demokrat dan Hanura terhadap Suara (Samudra Biru, 2023).
Syah Ramadhan Putra, “Kekuasaan Mahkamah Konstitusi dalam Merekonsiliasi Konflik Politik: Sebuah Tinjauan terhadap Putusan Kontroversial,” Jurnal Hukum Lex Generalis 6, no. 10 (2025).
Warjio dkk., Good Party Governance: Praktik Partai Politik Di Indonesia Dan Malaysia Dalam Tata Kelola Pemerintahan Yang Baik (Gerhana Publishing, 2021).
Zainuddin Ali, Metode penelitian hukum (Sinar Grafika, 2021).
Zaki Ulya, “Kontradiksi Kewenangan Dewan Perwakilan Daerah Ditinjau dari Segi Kemandirian Lembaga dalam Sistem Bikameral,” Jurnal Hukum Samudra Keadilan 11, no. 2 (2016): 172–84.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Ardiyansyah, Hernadi Affandi, Mei Susanto

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors who publish their manuscripts in this journal agree to the following conditions:
- The copyright on each article belongs to the author(s).
- The author acknowledges that the Journal of Law, Poliitic and Humanities (JLPH) has the right to be the first to publish with a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0).
- Authors can submit articles separately, arrange for the non-exclusive distribution of manuscripts that have been published in this journal into other versions (e.g., sent to the author's institutional repository, publication into books, etc.), by acknowledging that the manuscript has been published for the first time in the Journal of Law, Poliitic and Humanities (JLPH).
























