National Disaster Status under Emergency Constitutional Law: Central and Regional Government Authorities
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/jlph.v6i6.3794Keywords:
National Disaster; Presidential Authority; Disaster Determination Parameters; Central and Regional Governments; Emergency Constitutional LawAbstract
: The determination of national disaster status raises legal issues concerning the legal basis and limits of presidential authority, the parameters for determining disaster status, and the distribution of authority between central and regional governments. Previous studies have examined disaster determination parameters and presidential authority, but have not yet integratively analyzed these three aspects from the perspective of emergency constitutional law. This study aims to analyze the legal basis and limits of presidential authority, the parameters for determining national disaster status, the distribution of authority between central and regional governments, and their conformity with the principles of emergency constitutional law. This study employs normative legal research using a statutory approach and a conceptual approach. The findings show that presidential authority has constitutional and legal foundations, but the parameters for determining disaster status do not yet establish objective and measurable weights, thresholds, or relationships among the relevant indicators. The relationship between central and regional governments reflects a layered distribution of authority, while the regulation of national disaster status only partially reflects the principles of emergency constitutional law, particularly necessity, proportionality, temporality, and accountability. The novelty of this study lies in integrating the analysis of disaster status determination parameters, limits on presidential discretion, and central–regional authority relations within a framework of constraints on governmental authority under emergency constitutional law.
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