Islamic Law Review of Profit-Sharing under the Musaqah System in Mekar Makmur Village, Sei Lepan District, Langkat Regency
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/jlph.v6i6.3842Keywords:
Islamic Law, Profit-Sharing, Musaqah ContractAbstract
This study was motivated by the preliminary practice of rubber plantation management cooperation using the profit-sharing system (musaqah) in Sei Lepan Subdistrict, Langkat Regency. This study aims to analyze the suitability of profit-sharing cooperation between rubber plantation owners and tenant farmers in the area from the perspective of Islamic law (fiqh muamalah). The research design employed is field research using a qualitative approach. Primary data were obtained through direct interviews with rubber plantation owners and tenant farmers in Sei Lepan Subdistrict, as well as field observations. Secondary data were sourced from literature, books, magazines, and legal documents relevant to the musaqah contract. Data collection techniques included interviews, observations, and documentation, which were then analyzed using qualitative descriptive methods. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of profit-sharing arrangements for rubber plantations in Sei Lepan Subdistrict is generally based on verbal agreements grounded in mutual trust (‘urf). The agreed-upon profit-sharing ratios are typically balanced, such as 50:50 or 60:40, depending on the agreement regarding the allocation of operational costs and crop maintenance. From an Islamic law perspective, the implementation of this musaqah contract largely fulfills the essential elements and conditions for a valid contract, such as the mutual consent of both parties (an-taradhin) and clarity regarding the proportion of profit sharing. However, there are still some weaknesses, such as a lack of clarity regarding the term of the agreement and the handling of risks of uncertainty (gharar) related to the maintenance of harvesting equipment. Therefore, it is recommended that the agreement be put in writing to ensure legal certainty and avoid potential disputes in the future.
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