The Direction of Indonesian Criminal Law Policy in Addressing Artificial Intelligence Disruption in the Digital Era

Authors

  • Medrico Aditya Ednur Universitas Bengkulu, Bengkulu, Indonesia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.38035/jlph.v6i6.3897

Keywords:

Artificial Intelligence, Criminal Law Policy, Digital Disruption, Criminal Liability, Legal Policy

Abstract

The rapid advancement of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the digital era has created significant disruptions that not only affect technological aspects but also challenge the classical constructs of Indonesian criminal law. Possessing analytical capabilities and decision-making autonomy without human psychological dimensions, AI presents normative dilemmas regarding the principle of culpability (mens rea) and legal certainty. This study aims to analyze the current legal construction of AI regulation within the Indonesian criminal law system and to formulate the future direction of an adaptive and equitable criminal law policy. Utilizing a normative legal research method, this study analyzes relevant statutes and legal policy literature. The findings reveal that current AI regulations in Indonesia remain partial, indirect, and fragmented (such as within the Electronic Information and Transactions Law), leading to normative gaps, difficulties in attributing criminal liability, algorithmic evidentiary challenges (the "black box" phenomenon), and elevated risks of AI-driven cybercrimes. The future direction of Indonesian criminal law policy must be anticipatory and progressive by establishing dedicated risk-based regulations, reconstructing criminal responsibility frameworks (including corporate and strict liability), strengthening preventive measures, enhancing law enforcement capacity, and harmonizing with international legal standards.

References

Ahmad Ramli. Hukum Telematika. Jakarta: RajaGrafindo Persada, 2018.

Andi Hamzah. Asas-Asas Hukum Pidana di Indonesia. Jakarta: Rineka Cipta, 2014.

Barda Nawawi Arief. Bunga Rampai Kebijakan Hukum Pidana. Jakarta: Kencana, 2010.

Barda Nawawi Arief. Kebijakan Hukum Pidana. Jakarta: Kencana, 2016.

Dian Alan Setiawan. “Kejahatan Siber Berbasis Artificial Intelligence dan Tantangan Penegakan Hukum.” Jurnal RechtsVinding, Vol. 9 No. 2, 2020.

Eddy O.S. Hiariej. Prinsip-Prinsip Hukum Pidana. Yogyakarta: Cahaya Atma Pustaka, 2016.

Fajar Sugianto. “Regulasi Artificial Intelligence di Uni Eropa dan Implikasinya bagi Indonesia.” Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan, Vol. 52 No. 4, 2022.

Lilik Mulyadi. “Politik Hukum Pidana dalam Pembaruan Hukum Nasional.” Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia, Vol. 18 No. 2, 2021.

Niken Prasetyawati. “Kekosongan Hukum dalam Pengaturan Artificial Intelligence di Indonesia.” Jurnal Legislasi Indonesia, Vol. 19 No. 1, 2022.

Rika Ratna Permata. “Urgensi Pengaturan Artificial Intelligence dalam Sistem Hukum Indonesia.” Jurnal RechtsVinding, Vol. 11 No. 1, 2022.

Roni Wiyanto. “Kebijakan Hukum Pidana dalam Penanggulangan Kejahatan Teknologi.” Jurnal Hukum Pidana, Vol. 12 No. 1, 2019.

Sigid Suseno. “Problematika Pembuktian dalam Tindak Pidana Siber.” Jurnal RechtsVinding, Vol. 8 No. 3, 2019.

Yudi Kristiana. “Kebijakan Hukum Pidana dalam Menghadapi Kejahatan Berbasis Teknologi.” Jurnal Hukum & Pembangunan, Vol. 50 No. 2, 2020.

Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (KUHP).

Undang-Undang Nomor 11 Tahun 2008 tentang Informasi dan Transaksi Elektronik sebagaimana telah diubah dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 19 Tahun 2016.

Undang-Undang Nomor 27 Tahun 2022 tentang Perlindungan Data Pribadi.

Downloads

Published

2026-10-12

How to Cite

Ednur, M. A. (2026). The Direction of Indonesian Criminal Law Policy in Addressing Artificial Intelligence Disruption in the Digital Era. Journal of Law, Politic and Humanities, 6(6), 4952–4958. https://doi.org/10.38035/jlph.v6i6.3897