Systematic Literature Review: Hubungan Gaya Kepemimpinan Transformasional Dengan Kinerja Karyawan Dalam Organisasi Multikultural Pada Era Globalisasi
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.38035/jafm.v6i5.2854Keywords:
Kepemimpinan Transformasional, Kinerja Karyawan, Organisasi Multikultural, Globalisasi, Systematic Literature ReviewAbstract
Globalisasi telah menghadirkan kompleksitas baru dalam dinamika kepemimpinan organisasi yang mengelola tenaga kerja multikultural. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis hubungan antara gaya kepemimpinan transformasional dengan kinerja karyawan dalam organisasi multikultural pada era globalisasi melalui pendekatan systematic literature review. Mengikuti panduan PRISMA 2020, penelitian ini menganalisis sepuluh studi empiris yang dipublikasikan periode 2021-2025 dari basis data Scopus, Web of Science, dan Google Scholar. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa kepemimpinan transformasional berpengaruh positif terhadap berbagai dimensi kinerja karyawan, termasuk kinerja tugas, perilaku kewargaan organisasi, dan perilaku kerja inovatif. Hubungan tersebut dimediasi oleh variabel seperti identifikasi organisasi, berbagi pengetahuan, dan komitmen organisasi, serta dimoderasi oleh faktor kontekstual seperti budaya organisasi, iklim inovasi, dan lingkungan kerja. Dimensi stimulasi intelektual dan pertimbangan individual menunjukkan dampak paling konsisten lintas konteks budaya. Temuan mengindikasikan bahwa efektivitas kepemimpinan transformasional dalam setting multikultural memerlukan adaptasi kontekstual dan pengembangan cultural intelligence. Penelitian ini memberikan kontribusi teoretis dalam memahami mekanisme kepemimpinan lintas budaya serta implikasi praktis bagi pengembangan strategi kepemimpinan dalam organisasi global.
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